(source: http://cia.bzzz.net/housing_activist_found_dead_in_warsaw)
On March 7 we learned that one of the most active members of the
tenants’ movement, Jolanta Brzeska, was found dead in the woods. Her
body had been burnt beyond recognition and it is unclear whether she
was alive or dead when it happened.
Jola was 64 years old. She was one of the founders of the Warsaw
Tenants’ Association, a good speaker and committed activist who went
to all demonstrations, who blocked evictions and advised other
tenants. She herself was involved in a battle with Warsaw’s most
notorious slumlord, Marek Mossokowski, and was the last tenant left in
a valuable piece of real estate at the time of her death.
Jola lived in a building which had been public housing but became
privatized. The area she lived in was attractive to developers, who
built luxury housing next to her building, where apartments cost 5000
euros per sq.m. Jola’s ordeal began on April 27, 2006 when a group of
10 people banged on her door. This is how she found out that her flat,
which had been public housing, had fallen into private hands.
This type of shocking news has been received by thousands in Warsaw
since it is the politics of the city not to inform its tenants that
claims have been made against their houses or even to inform them that
they have been privatized. Many, if not most tenants learn about this
after the fact. (1)
Among the people in this group was Marek Mossakowski, a landlord so
notorious that even the neoliberal architects of privatization condemn
him. Mossakowski’s hobby is and was buying claims in real estate. A
few years ago, it was quite hard for pre-war owners or their heirs to
get back property which was communalized after the war. It is still
quite difficult for ordinary people without connections. This is why
some people with claims who have no legal saavy were selling them.
Mossakowski has been known to have bought real estate claims for 50
zloty (12.5 euros) for property he later tried to get 1.25 euros for.
[2] A specialist in antiques, he could also get all sorts of old
papers and documents. He acquired claims in many properties under
unclear circumstances. [3]
This slumlord is known for his unscrupulous tactics for driving people
out of their flats. If they are not scared by his initial, often
illegal attempts to imposed huge rents and „fees” on them, other
methods begin. In the case of Jola’s house, a few days after his
initial visit, the tenants received a letter. In it he claimed that,
since the property was transfered, all of them were „illegal”
inhabitants of the building. (This is a direct violation of the law
as, even if he wanted to kick them out, he would have to give them 3
years notice, or provide them with replacement housing.) Since he
considered them „illegal”, he demanded that they pay additional
„damages” to him, amounting to almost 500 euros a month.
Jola knew that this was illegal and refused to pay. Like many people
in her situation, her rent now was much higher than her income. (Most
recently she received about 350 euros a month.) This is when all sorts
of harrassment started. Mossakowski even tried to break into her house
and to register her flat as his place of living.
Unlike Jola, who could not get a replacement flat from the city, the
millionaire Mossakowski, owner of real estate all over town, is a
tenant in municipal housing. (Nobody knows if he really lives there,
but he has the flat.)
While the city is privatizing housing, they rarely provide the old
tenants with replacement flats. (Last year only 90 were given.) When
people are in such a situation, the city looks at their income and,
since the criteria is much too low, many people, even retired, are not
entitled to get replacement public housing. The bureaucrats in charge
of destroying the public housing system look for any reason to deny
housing, often breaking all rules. In the case of Jola, she was denied
the right because her daughter had a flat. Even though this should
play no role, we know that the city sometimes tells people who have
lost their flats and apply for a replacement that they can go live
with parents or children – even in other cities.
Jola was angered by her situation and decided to fight back. In the
tenants’ movement, she fought for a change in policy, so that other
people would not have to go through what she was experiencing.
Despite the fact that her case was still in court, Mossakowski said
she was her debtor and owed over 20,000 euros. At the time of her
death, she was the last tenant remaining in that house.
Jola’s daughter reported that she had disappeared in very mysterious
circumstances. After a few days she was told that a burnt body was
found in the woods on the same date Jola went missing. It was burnt
beyond recognition but a few objects she had on her had not been
destroyed, including her house keys, glasses and hearing aid.
Nobody is sure that the police are interested in investigating this
case. Although everything indicates that Jola was murdered in an
unusually brutal manner, the police tried to pose „alternative
theories” such a suicide or that maybe Jola was a „member of a cult”.
It is unclear whether there is any special motivation for generating
these „alternative theories”.
One thing is for sure: people involved in the tenant movement blame
the situation on bad housing politics that leave public housing
tenants at the mercy of unscrupulous speculators and slumlords. We vow
not to forget Jola’s ordeal and her contribution to the struggle which
we will continue with more resolve than ever.
We will not forget, we will not forgive!
1. This is why we have got and published internal documentation
compiled by the city and have been notifying and gathering those who
might be affected.
3. We managed for the first time in Warsaw to block an illegal
privatization attempt. Mossakowski was also a figure in this story.
